(AGENPARL) – mer 07 dicembre 2022 Communications Directorate
Press and Informat
ion Unit
curia.europa.eu
RAPIDE
Luxembourg,
December
2022: a brief
overview of the
history of the Court of
Justice
of the
European Union
The most
significant
milestones in the history of the institution and its development
from 1952 to the
present day. Then
as now,
it is
an institution that guarantees compliance with EU law and is always at
the service of citizens.
Establishment of the
Court of Justice
of the European Coal and Steel
Community (ECSC)
by the
Treaty of Paris. The 7 J
udges and
2 Advocate
General of the Court take up their duties (4 December). The
Court has 4 procedural languages (German, French, Italian, Dutch).
First case brought before the Court:
Verband Deutscher
Reeder
High Authority
(Commission)
1/53).
First judgment o
f the Court:
France
High Authority
(Commission)
1/54) (21 December).
The Court of Justice
the Court
the three European Communities
: ECSC, EEC, Euratom,
following the entry into force of the Treaties of Rome.
First request for a pre
liminary ruling
brought before
the Court of Justice from
Court of appeal of The
Hague
Bosch
(13/61).
Van Gend en Loos
judgment
(26/62): the EEC
Treaty creates rights
for individuals that national judges must
guarantee
principle of direct effect
of Union law).
Commission
Luxembourg
Belgium
judgment
(90 and 91/63): a
Member State cannot avoid its
obligations
under Community Law
arguing
that other Member States do not respect
Costa
judgment
6/64):
where a
conflict
arises
between a
n aspect of
national
an aspect of
, the latter prevails (
principle of primacy
The Court organises for the first time the
Meeting of Judges
of the Member States, which brings together
the Members of the Court and
national
Judge
First enlargement (Denmark, Ireland, United Kingdom). The Court of Justice has
udges, 4
Advocates
General
and 7
procedural languages
The Court
moves into its first purpose
built building, known as the
Palais
(Kirchberg plateau) (9 January).
Defrenne
Sabena
judgment
(43/75): an employee can invoke the
principle of equal pay for men and
women
in case brought directly against
their
employer.
Second enlargement (Greece). The Court of Justice has
udges, 5
Advocates
General
and 8
ocedural
languages.
Communications Directorate
Press and Information Unit
curia.europa.eu
Third enlargement (Spain and Portugal). The Court of Justice has
udges, 6
Advocates
General
and 10
procedural languages
The Single European Act enshrines the Community’s ”
small
tablish
an additional Community
ourt, the
Court of First Instance
, now called the General Court
Council decision
reatin
Court of First
Instance
Establishment
of the
Court
of First Instance
direct
actions
European
civil service matters.
Francovich and Bonifaci
Italy
judgment
6/90 and C
9/90): establishment of the
principle
of Member
States
liability
for damage caused to
individuals
from failure
to transpose a directive.
Bosman
judgment
415/93
sports
practised at a professional level
constitute
an economic
activity
cannot
be hindered by rules limiting the transfer of players or the number of players who are
nationals of other Member States.
Fourth enlargement (Austria, Finland
and Sweden). The Court of Justice has
15 Judges, 9 Advocates
eneral and 12 procedural languages.
Decker and Kohll
judgment
120/95 and C
158/96): any national of a Member State may
seek
to receive
healthcare
in another Member State and be reimbur
their
sickness insurance fund
accordance with
the tariffs of the Member State of affiliation.
Treaty of Nice
is signed
: the
General Court
now must have “at least”
one J
udge per Member State
, paving
the way for additional judges
The Gr
nlargement (fifth): Czech Republic, Estonia,
Cyprus
Latvia, Lithuania, Hungary
Malta
Poland
Slova
Slovenia
. The Court of Justice has
25 Judges, 8 Advocates
eneral and 21 procedural
languages.
Germany
Parliament and Council
judgment
380/03): the
Court
upholds
directive
banning tobacco
advertising in the media
Sixth enlargement (Bulgaria and Romania). The Court of Justice has
27 Judges, 8 Advocates G
eneral and
23 procedural languages
Entry into force of the Lisbon Treaty
Court’s members
are now appointed after consultation with a
committee responsible for giving an opinion on the
candidates’ suitability
Microsoft
judgment
201/04): The
General Court
upholds
the fine of
497 million
imposed by the
Commission
Microsoft for abuse of dominant position.
Sturgeon
and others
402/07 and others):
passengers on flights delayed
3 hours or more are
entitled to compensation.
Creation of
Curia
, an electronic appli
cation
enables
lodging
service of procedural
documents by electronic means.
Seventh enlargement (Croatia). The Court of Justice has
28 Judges, 9 Advocates
eneral and
procedural languages.
UEFA and FIFA
Commission
judgment
201/11
204/11 P and C
205/11 P): Member States may
require
air broadcasting of the World Cup and Euro finals because of
their major importance
their
The Union legislator adopts the reform of the
judicial architecture of the Union
, incre
asing the number
of judges at the
General
Court to two judges per Member State.
Schrems
judgment
362/14): the Court declares invalid the Commission’s Safe Harbor decision, which
allowed EU