(AGENPARL) - Roma, 18 Luglio 2023 - (AGENPARL) – mar 18 luglio 2023 [Version française ci-dessous](#FR)
Situation in the Republic of the Philippines: ICC Appeals Chamber confirms the authorisation to resume investigations
Today, 18 July 2023, the Appeals Chamber of the International Criminal Court (“ICC” or “Court”) delivered, in open Court, its judgment confirming, by majority, ICC Pre-Trial Chamber I’s decision granting [authorization](https://www.icc-cpi.int/court-record/icc-01/21-56-red) to the ICC Prosecutor to resume the investigations in relation to the situation in [the Republic of the Philippines](https://www.icc-cpi.int/philippines) (the “Philippines”).
The Majority, composed of Judge Piotr Hofma?ski, Judge Luz del Carmen Ibáñez Carranza, Judge Solomy Balungi Bossa dismissed the Philippines’ first ground of appeal under which the Philippines argued that the Court cannot exercise its jurisdiction over the Philippines situation because the Philippines withdrew from the Rome Statute. [The Majority considered that this issue was not properly raised before the Pre-Trial Chamber and that the Impugned Decision does not constitute a “decision with respect to jurisdiction”.]
Judge Marc Perrin de Brichambaut, Presiding the Chamber in this appeal, and Judge Gocha Lordkipanidze appended a dissenting opinion where they consider that the Court cannot exercise its jurisdiction with respect to the Philippines situation since the Philippines’ withdrawal from the Statute became effective before the Prosecutor requested authorisation to commence his investigation.
The remaining grounds of appeal were only considered by the Majority. The Majority found that the Philippines being the State seeking deferral and asserting that it conducts the relevant investigations or prosecutions bears the burden of proof.
The Majority also found that the Philippines failed to show instances in which the Pre-Trial Chamber allegedly applied the wrong admissibility threshold or standard and that, given its conclusion on the Philippines’ inactivity with regard to the relevant crimes, it was correct for the Pre Trial Chamber not to consider the issue of the Philippines’ willingness and ability to investigate.
Background: On 24 May 2021, the ICC Office of the Prosecutor requested authorisation from the Pre-Trial Chamber to initiate an investigation into crimes allegedly committed on the territory of the Philippines between 1 November 2011 and 16 March 2019 in the context of the Government of the Philippines’ “war on drugs” campaign. On 14 June 2021 the [OTP Request](https://www.icc-cpi.int/court-record/icc-01/21-7-red) was made public. On 15 September 2021, the Pre-Trial Chamber [authorised the investigation.](https://www.icc-cpi.int/court-record/icc-01/21-12#_blank)
On 18 November 2021, the ICC Prosecutor [informed](https://www.icc-cpi.int/court-record/icc-01/21-14) the Chamber that the Republic of the Philippines [requested](hhttps://www.icc-cpi.int/sites/default/files/RelatedRecords/CR2021_10546.PDF), pursuant to Article 18(2) of the Rome Statute, that the investigation into the Philippines situation be deferred. On 24 June 2022, the ICC Prosecutor [requested](https://www.icc-cpi.int/court-record/icc-01/21-46) the Chamber to resume the investigation into the situation in the Philippines pursuant to article 18(2).
On 26 January 2023, ICC Pre-Trial Chamber I [granted](https://www.icc-cpi.int/node/205249) the [Prosecutor’s request](https://www.icc-cpi.int/court-record/icc-01/21-46) to resume [investigations into the Situation of the Republic of the Philippines](https://www.icc-cpi.int/philippines). Following a careful analysis of the materials provided by the Philippines, the Pre-Trial Chamber was not satisfied that the Philippines is undertaking relevant investigations that would warrant a deferral of the Court’s investigations on the basis of the complementarity principle.
On 3 February 2023, the Philippine Government filed its [Notice of Appeal](https://www.icc-cpi.int/court-record/icc-01/21-57) against Pre-Trial Chamber I’s authorisation. On 27 March 2023, the [Appeals Chamber rejected](https://www.icc-cpi.int/court-record/icc-01/21-67) the request of the Republic of the Philippines for suspensive effect of Pre-Trial Chamber I’s decision.
The Philippines, State party to the Rome Statute since 1 November 2011, deposited a written notification of withdrawal from the Statute on 17 March 2018. The Philippines’ withdrawal from the Statute took effect on 17 March 2019.
[Judgment on the appeal of the Republic of the Philippines against Pre-Trial Chamber I’s “Authorisation pursuant to article 18(2) of the Statute to resume the investigation”](https://www.icc-cpi.int/sites/default/files/2023-07/01-21%20%28Philippines%20OA%29%20-%20Judgment%20%28FINAL%29.pdf)
[Dissenting opinion of judge Perrin de Brichambaut and judge Lordkipanidze](https://www.icc-cpi.int/sites/default/files/2023-07/01-21%20Philippines%20OA%20Dissenting%20Opinion%20%28FINAL%29.pdf)
Audio-visual Materials:
– YouTube (for viewing): [English](https://youtu.be/eEpYmtgjyZY); [French](https://youtu.be/f11x1EryZHI)
– Video (MPEG-4) for viewing and download: [English](https://www.dropbox.com/s/yu8nf8hukmcchny/Situation%20in%20the%20Philippines%20-%20Appeals%20Chamber%20judgment%20on%20authorisation%20to%20resume%20investigations.mp4?dl=0); [French](https://www.dropbox.com/s/42owlv9ok7lihcm/Situation%20aux%20Philippines%20-%20Arr%C3%AAt%20de%20la%20Chambre%20d%27appel%20sur%20l%27autorisation%20de%20reprendre%20les%20enqu%C3%AAtes.mp4?dl=0)
– Audio (MPEG-3) for download: [English](https://www.dropbox.com/s/5uxccv9x7rmc1cx/Situation%20in%20the%20Philippines%20-%20Appeals%20Chamber%20judgment%20on%20authorisation%20to%20resume%20investigations.mp3?dl=0); [French](https://www.dropbox.com/s/ohfmt9gjdrmtvot/Situation%20aux%20Philippines%20-%20Arr%C3%AAt%20de%20la%20Chambre%20d%27appel%20sur%20l%27autorisation%20de%20reprendre%20les%20enqu%C3%AAtes.mp3?dl=0)
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Situation en République des Philippines : la Chambre d’appel de la CPI confirme l’autorisation de reprendre les enquêtes
Aujourd’hui, le 18 juillet 2023, la Chambre d’appel de la Cour pénale internationale (« CPI » ou « la Cour ») a rendu, en audience publique, son arrêt confirmant, à la majorité, la décision de la Chambre préliminaire I de la CPI autorisant le Procureur de la CPI à reprendre les enquêtes relatives à la situation en République des Philippines (les « Philippines »).
La majorité de la Chambre, composée du juge Piotr Hofma?ski, de la juge Luz del Carmen Ibáñez Carranza, et de la juge Solomy Balungi Bossa a rejeté le premier moyen d’appel des Philippines au titre duquel les Philippines soutenaient que la Cour ne pouvait exercer sa compétence sur la situation aux Philippines parce que les Philippines se sont retirées du Statut de Rome. La majorité a estimé que cette question n’avait pas été dûment soulevée devant la Chambre préliminaire [et que la décision attaquée ne constituait pas une « décision portant sur la compétence ».]
Le juge Marc Perrin de Brichambaut, juge président de la Chambre dans cet appel, et le juge Gocha Lordkipanidze ont joint une opinion dissidente dans laquelle ils considèrent que la Cour ne peut exercer sa compétence à l’égard de la situation aux Philippines puisque le retrait des Philippines du Statut est devenu effectif avant que le Procureur demande l’autorisation de commencer son enquête.
Les autres motifs d’appel n’ont été examinés que par la majorité. La majorité a estimé que les Philippines, en tant qu’État sollicitant le report des enquêtes et affirmant qu’il menait les enquêtes ou les poursuites pertinentes, avait le fardeau de la preuve.
La majorité a également conclu que les Philippines n’avaient pas démontré de cas dans lesquels la Chambre préliminaire aurait appliqué un seuil ou une norme de recevabilité erronés et que, compte tenu de sa conclusion sur l’inactivité des Philippines concernant les crimes pertinents, il était correct pour la Chambre de première instance de ne pas examiner la question de la volonté et de la capacité des Philippines à enquêter.
Contexte : Le 24 mai 2021, le Bureau du Procureur de la CPI a demandé à la Chambre préliminaire l’autorisation d’ouvrir une enquête sur les crimes relevant de la compétence de la Cour qui auraient été commis sur le territoire des Philippines entre le 1er novembre 2011 et le 16 mars 2019 dans le contexte de la campagne dite de « guerre contre la drogue » des Philippines. Le 14 juin 2021, la demande du Bureau du Procureur a été [rendue publique](https://www.icc-cpi.int/court-record/icc-01/21-7-red). Le 15 septembre 2021, la Chambre préliminaire I [a autorisé](https://www.icc-cpi.int/Pages/record.aspx?docNo=ICC-01/21-12&ln=fr) le Procureur à ouvrir cette enquête.
Le 18 novembre 2021, le Procureur de la CPI a [informé](https://www.icc-cpi.int/court-record/icc-01/21-14) la Chambre que la République des Philippines avait [demandé](hhttps://www.icc-cpi.int/sites/default/files/RelatedRecords/CR2021_10546.PDF), en vertu de l’article 18-2 du Statut de Rome, que l’enquête sur la situation aux Philippines soit reportée. Le 24 juin 2022, le Procureur de la CPI a [demandé](https://www.icc-cpi.int/court-record/icc-01/21-46) à la Chambre de reprendre l’enquête sur la situation aux Philippines conformément à l’article 18-2.
Le 26 janvier 2023, la Chambre préliminaire I a [accordé](https://www.icc-cpi.int/node/205249) la [demande](https://www.icc-cpi.int/court-record/icc-01/21-46) du Procureur de reprendre [l’enquête sur la situation en République des Philippines](https://www.icc-cpi.int/philippines). Après une analyse minutieuse des documents fournis par les Philippines, la Chambre n’est pas convaincue que les Philippines mènent des enquêtes pertinentes qui justifieraient un report des enquêtes de la Cour sur la base du principe de complémentarité.
Le 3 février 2023, le Gouvernement des Philippines a déposé son [acte d’appel](https://www.icc-cpi.int/court-record/icc-01/21-57) contre l’autorisation de la Chambre préliminaire I. Le 27 mars 2023, la [Chambre d’appel a rejeté](https://www.icc-cpi.int/court-record/icc-01/21-67) la demande de la République des Philippines aux fins d’effet suspensif de la décision de la Chambre préliminaire I.
La République des Philippines, État partie au Statut de Rome depuis le 1er novembre 2011, a déposé, le 17 mars 2018, la notification écrite de son retrait du Statut. Ce retrait a pris effet le 17 mars 2019.
[Judgment on the appeal of the Republic of the Philippines against Pre-Trial Chamber I’s “Authorisation pursuant to article 18(2) of the Statute to resume the investigation”](https://www.icc-cpi.int/sites/default/files/2023-07/01-21%20%28Philippines%20OA%29%20-%20Judgment%20%28FINAL%29.pdf)
[Dissenting opinion of judge Perrin de Brichambaut and judge Lordkipanidze](https://www.icc-cpi.int/sites/default/files/2023-07/01-21%20Philippines%20OA%20Dissenting%20Opinion%20%28FINAL%29.pdf)
Documents audiovisuels :
– YouTube (pour visionnage) : [anglais](https://youtu.be/eEpYmtgjyZY) ; [français](https://youtu.be/f11x1EryZHI)
– Vidéo (MPEG-4) pour téléchargement : [anglais](https://www.dropbox.com/s/yu8nf8hukmcchny/Situation%20in%20the%20Philippines%20-%20Appeals%20Chamber%20judgment%20on%20authorisation%20to%20resume%20investigations.mp4?dl=0) ; [français](https://www.dropbox.com/s/42owlv9ok7lihcm/Situation%20aux%20Philippines%20-%20Arr%C3%AAt%20de%20la%20Chambre%20d%27appel%20sur%20l%27autorisation%20de%20reprendre%20les%20enqu%C3%AAtes.mp4?dl=0)
– Audio (MPEG-3) pour téléchargement : [anglais](https://www.dropbox.com/s/5uxccv9x7rmc1cx/Situation%20in%20the%20Philippines%20-%20Appeals%20Chamber%20judgment%20on%20authorisation%20to%20resume%20investigations.mp3?dl=0) ; [français](https://www.dropbox.com/s/ohfmt9gjdrmtvot/Situation%20aux%20Philippines%20-%20Arr%C3%AAt%20de%20la%20Chambre%20d%27appel%20sur%20l%27autorisation%20de%20reprendre%20les%20enqu%C3%AAtes.mp3?dl=0)
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